Friction and pressure bearing types of steel structural bolts

Friction and pressure bearing types of steel structural bolts

Steel structural bolted connections also consist of bolt rods, nuts, and washers. Made of high-strength steel (such as 20 manganese titanium boron, 40 boron, 45 steel) through heat treatment. Use a special wrench to tighten the steel structure bolts and apply the specified pre tension force to them.

Steel structure bolt shear connections are divided into two types based on their force transmission methods: friction type and shear compression type (or pressure bearing type). Steel structural bolts are divided into two types: large hexagonal head type and torsional shear type. During installation, a special wrench is used to tighten the nut with a high torque, resulting in a significant pre tension force on the screw.

The pre tension of steel structural bolts clamps the connected components, causing significant friction on the contact surfaces of the components, and external forces are transmitted through friction. This type of connection becomes a steel structure bolt friction type connection.

Its advantages are convenient construction, minimal weakening of components, detachable replacement, ability to withstand dynamic loads, fatigue resistance, good toughness and plasticity, including the respective advantages of ordinary bolt and rivet connections. Currently, it has become an excellent connection form to replace riveting.

In addition, steel structural screws can also be used like ordinary bolts, allowing contact surface slip and relying on the pressure between the bolt rod and the bolt hole to transmit force. This type of connection is called a steel structure bolt pressure bearing connection.

Friction type steel structure bolt shear connection relies on the frictional force at the contact surface of the clamped plate bundle to transmit force. Once the frictional force is overcome, the connected components undergo relative sliding, which is considered to have reached a failure state.

And for shear compression type steel structure bolt shear connection, it is assumed that after the friction force on the contact surface of the plate bundle is overcome, the bolt rod contacts the hole wall (with a diameter 1.0-1.5 millimeters larger than the rod), and the force is transmitted through the bolt shear resistance and hole wall pressure.

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